KITCHELL, Jim

Phone:  262-3014
Email:  kitchell@wisc.edu
Office:  206a Limnology

My current research interests emphasize predator-prey interactions and their role in food web structure. My general goal is to develop a mechanistic understanding of these interactions and to forecast their expression at the ecosystem level. I have been and continue to be involved in development of modeling techniques that allow quantitative estimates of interaction strength. I am also involved in large-scale experimental manipulation of lakes as a test of the ideas developed through modeling.

Currently, I am pursuing these interests through field studies on the Great Lakes, the experimental lakes at the Univ. of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, a project on Apex Predators in Pelagic Systems of the central Pacific and a new project (2000-06) centered on the lakes proximate to our Trout Lake Station.

The research work we began back in the 1980’s focused on the role of fishes and fisheries in ecosystem dynamics of little lakes up north. Generally known as “top-down” effects, that work has grown in applications to Lake Mendota, the Great Lakes and, most recently, several of the world’s oceans. My new project on the central Pacific is a direct extension of the results developed through experimental studies in Peter and Paul lakes which is where Art Hasler began the field of experimental limnology back in 1951.

In a more general application, I was part of a team commissioned by Congress to create a report on “Ecosystem Principles in Fisheries Management”. That document provides guidance to the development of ecosystem-based and sustainable fisheries management programs for the National Marine Fisheries Service. This progression of ideas is an example of the ways that basic research contributes to real-world applications of benefit to society.

On a local level, I continue my catch and release efforts on trout streams in Wisconsin. I seem to have been releasing a lot of trout flies, too, so I’m sure that my supplies expenditures have helped bolster the Wisconsin economy.

Postdocs currenlty supervised:

Greg Sass, (ggsass@wisc.edu)
Zoology Ph.D., 2004.  Dissertation: Fish community and food web responses to a whole-lake removal of coarse woody habitat.

Graduate students currently supervised:

Jeff Watters, (jrwatters@wisc.edu)
    MS candidate in Limnology and Marine Sciences (degree anticipated May 2006)

Olaf Jensen, (ojensen@wisc.edu)
    PhD candidate in Limnology and Marine Sciences (degree anticipated May 2008)

Molli MacDonald, (mmacdonald1@wisc.edu)
    MS candidate in Water Resources Management (degree anticipated in May 2008)

Justin Fox, (jfox2@wisc.edu)
    MS candidate in Limnology and Marine Sciences (degree anticipated May 2008)

Brian Weidel, (weidel@wisc.edu)
    PhD candidate in Limnology and Marine Sciences (degree anticipated May 2009)

Students supervised who've recently earned graduate degrees:

Caitlin Gille, MS degree Zoology, August 2005

Brian Roth, M.S. August 2001; Ph.D. Limnology and Marine Sciences, May 2005

Isaac Kaplan, Ph.D. in Limnology and Marine Sciences, December 2004

Greg Sass, M.S. in Zoology, December 2001; Ph.D. in Zoology, December 2004

Jeff Jorgensen, MS in Limnology and Marine Sciences, August 2004

Sample Recent publications:

Books/Monographs

• Hanson, P.C., T.B. Johnson, D.E. Schindler and J.F. Kitchell. 1997. Fish Bioenergetics 3.0. Sea Grant Technical Report, University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute, Madison, WI.

Papers in refereed national/international journals.

• Lessard, R., S. J. D. Martell, C. J. Walters, T. E. Essington, J. F. Kitchell. 2006. Should ecosystem management involve active control of species abundances? Ecology and Society: In press.

• Cole, J., M. Pace, S. Carpenter, J. Kitchel, J. Hodgson, and M. Van de Bogert. 2006. Differential support of lake food webs by three types of terrestrial organic carbon. Ecology Letters: In Press.

• Sass, G. G., C. M. Gille, J. T. Hinke and J. F. Kitchell. 2006. Whole-lake influences of littoral structural complexity and prey body morphology on fish predator-prey interactions. Ecology of Freshwater Fishes: In press.

• Sass, G. G., J. F. Kitchell, S. R. Carpenter, T. R. Hrabik, A. Sugden-Newberry and M. G. Turner. 2006. Fish community and food web responses to a whole-lake removal of coarse woody habitat. Fisheries: In press.

• Martell, S. J. D., T. Essington, B. Lessard, J. F. Kitchell, C. J. Walters and C. H. Boggs. 2005. Interactions of productivity, predation risk and fishing effort in the efficacy of marine protected areas for the central Pacific. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62:1320-1336.

• Carpenter, S. R., J. J. Cole, M. L. Pace, M. Van de Bogert, D. L. Bade, D. Bastviken, C. Gille, J. R. Hodgson, J. F. Kitchell and E. S. Kritzberg. 2005. Ecosystem subsidies: Terrestrial support of aquatic food webs from 13C addition to contrasting lakes. Ecology 86:2737-2750.

• Harvey, C. J., S. P. Cox and J. F. Kitchell. 2005. The Lake Superior food web. In Ebener, M.P. [ED.. The state of Lake Superior in 2000. Great Lakes Fish. Comm. Spec. Pub. In press.

• Mason, Doran M., Timothy B. Johnson, Chris J. Harvey, James F. Kitchell, Stephen T. Schram, Charles R. Bronte, Michael H. Hoff, Steven T. Lozano, Anett S. Trebitz, Donald R. Schreiner, E. Conrad Lamon, and Thomas Hrabik. 2005. Hydroacoustic estimates of abundance and spatial distribution of pelagic fishes in western Lake Superior. J. Great Lakes Research 31: In press.

• Sass, G.G., and J.F. Kitchell. 2005. Can growth be used as a surrogate measure of walleye (Sander vitreus) abundance change? Can. J. Fish. and Aquat. Sci. 62:2159-2168.

• Jorgensen, J. C. and J. F. Kitchell. 2005. Growth potential and host mortality of the parasitic phase of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in Lake Superior. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62:2343-2353.

• Jorgensen, J. C. and J. F. Kitchell. 2005. Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) size trends in a salmonid stocking context in Lake Superior. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62:2354-2361.

• Roth, B. M., and J. F. Kitchell. 2005. The role of size-selective predation in the displacement of Orconectes crayfishes following rusty crayfish invasion. Crustaceana 78:297-310.

• Walters, C. J., V. Christensen, S. J. Martell and J. F. Kitchell. 2005. Possible ecosystem impacts of applying MSY policies from single-species assessment. ICES Journal of Marine Science 62:558-568.

• Cox, S. P., and J. F. Kitchell. 2004. Lake Superior Ecosystem, 1929-1998: simulating alternative hypotheses for recruitment failure of lake herring (Coregonus artedi). Bull. Mar. Sci 74:671-684.

• Johnson, Timothy B. Michael H. Hoff, Anett S. Trebitz, Charles R. Bronte , Timothy D. Corry , James F. Kitchell, Stephen T. Lozano, Doran M. Mason, Jill V. Scharold, Stephen T. Schram, Donald R. Schreiner. 2004. Spatial patterns in assemblage structures of pelagic forage fish and zooplankton in western Lake Superior J. Great Lakes Res.:

• Pace, M. L. J. J. Cole, S. R. Carpenter, J. F. Kitchell, J. R. Hodgson, M. Van de Bogert, D. L. Bade, E. S. Kritzberg and D. Bastviken. 2004. Whole lake carbon-13 additions reveal terrestrial support of aquatic food webs. Nature 427:240-243.

• Kitchell, J. F., I. Kaplan, S. P. Cox, S. J. D. Martell, T. E. Essington, C. H. Boggs and C. J. Walters. 2004. Ecological and economic components of alternative fishing methods to reduce by-catch of marlin in a tropical pelagic ecosystem. Bull. Mar. Sci.74(3):607-619.

• Hinke, J. T., I. C. Kaplan, K. Aydin, G. M. Watters, R. J. Olson, and J. F. Kitchell. 2004. Visualizing the food-web effects of fishing for tunas in the Pacific Ocean. Ecology and Society (formerly Conservation Ecology)9(1): 10. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss1/art10

• Sass, G. G., S. W. Hewett, T. D. Beard, A. H. Fayram, and J. F. Kitchell. 2004. The role of density-dependence in growth patterns of ceded territory walleye populations of Northern Wisconsin: effects of changing management regimes. N. Amer. J. Fish. Mgmt.

• Harvey, C.J., S.T. Schram, and J.F. Kitchell. 2003. Trophic relationships among lean and siscowet lake trout in Lake Superior. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 132:219-228

• Lathrop, R.C., B.M. Johnson, T.B. Johnson, M.T. Vogelsang, S.R. Carpenter, T.R. Hrabik, J.F. Kitchell, J.J. Magnuson, L.G. Rudstam, and R.S. Stewart. 2003. Stocking piscivores to improve fishing and water clarity: a synthesis of the Lake Mendota biomanipulation project. Freshwat. Biol.

• Harvey, C. J., S. P. Cox, T. E. Essington, S. Hansson and J. F. Kitchell. 2003. An ecosystem model of food web and fisheries interactions in the Baltic Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science 60:939-950.

• Watters G. M., R. J. Olson, R. C. Francis, P. C. Fiedler, J. J. Polovina, S. B. Reilly, K. Y. Aydin, C. H. Boggs, T. E. Essington, C. J. Walters and J. F. Kitchell. 2003. Physical forcing and the dynamics of the pelagic ecosystem in the eastern tropical Pacific: simulations with ENSO-scale and global warming climate drivers. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.60:1161-1175.

• Harvey, C.J., P.C. Hanson, T.E. Essington, P.B. Brown, and J.F. Kitchell. 2002. Using bioenergetics models to predict stable isotope ratios in fishes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59:115-124.

• Essington, T.E., D.E. Schindler., R. J. Olson, J. F. Kitchell, C. J. Boggs and R. Hilborn 2002. Alternative fisheries and the predation rate of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Ecological Applications 12: 724-734.

• Harvey, C.J., P.C. Hanson, T.E. Essington, P.B. Brown, and J.F. Kitchell. 2002. Using bioenergetics models to predict stable isotope ratios in fishes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59:115-124.

• Cole, J. J., M. L. Pace, S. R. Carpenter, and J. F. Kitchell. 2002. Persistence of net heterotrophy in lakes during nutrient addition and food web manipulations. Limnology and Oceanography.

• Kitchell, J. F., T. E. Essington, C. H. Boggs, D. E. Schindler and C. J. Walters. 2002. The role of sharks and longline fisheries in a pelagic ecosystem of the central Pacific. Ecosystems 5: 202-216.

• Schindler, D. E., T. E. Essington, J. F. Kitchell, C. J. Boggs and R. Hilborn. 2002. Sharks and tunas: Fisheries impacts on predators with contrasting life histories. Ecological Applications 12: 735-748.

• Harris, G. P., S. W. Bigelow, J. J. Cole, H. Cyr, L. L. Janus, A. P. Kinzig, J. F. Kitchell, G. E. Likens, K. H. Reckhow, D. Scavia, D. Soto, L. M. Talbot, and P. H. Templer. 2002. The role of models in ecosystem management In C. D. Canham, J. J. Cole and W. K. Laurenroth (eds.) The Role of Models in Ecosystem Science. Princeton Univ. Press. Princeton NJ.

• Olson, R.J., G.M. Watters, K.Y. Audin, C.H. Boggs, T.E. Essington, R.C. Francis, J.F. Kitchell, J.J. Polovina, and C.J. Walters. 2002. Interactive effects of climate variability and fishing: a modelling analysis for the eastern tropical Pacific pelagic ecosystem. In Christensen, V., G. Reck, and J.L. Maclean (eds.), Proceedings of the INCO-DC Conference Placing Fisheries in their Ecosystem Context. Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, 4-8 December 2000. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 12: 31-32.

• Cox, S. P., S. J. D. Martell, C. J. Walters, T. E. Essington, J. F. Kitchell, C. H. Boggs, and I. Kaplan. 2002. Reconstructing ecosystem dynamics in the central Pacific Ocean, 1952-1998: I. Estimating population biomass and recruitment of tunas and billfishes Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59:1724-1735.

• Cox, S. P., T. E. Essington, J. F. Kitchell, S. J. D. Martell, C. J. Walters, C. H. Boggs and I. Kaplan. 2002. Reconstructing ecosystem dynamics in the central Pacific Ocean, 1952-1998: II. a preliminary assessment of the trophic impacts of fishing and effects on tuna dynamics. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59:1736-1747.

• Cole, J. J., S. R. Carpenter, J. F. Kitchell and M. L. Pace. 2002. Pathways of organic C utilization in small lakes: Results from a whole-lake 13C addition and coupled model. Limnology and Oceanography 47:1664-1674.
  

Curriculum Vitae